Lawyer’s duty to the courts




City Sheriff, Iligan City v Fortunado
G.R. No. 80390. March 27, 1998
Martinez, J.

FACTS

Fortunado owns a parcel of land mortgaged to Traders Commercial Bank. The Latter assigned its rights to petitioner Bautista, who requested the City Sheriff for the foreclosure of the mortgage. Respondent said the mortgage was already extinguished by the payment of the loan  and that petitioner already died. Respondents therefore pray for the dismissal of the petition. Court required petitioner's counsel Atty. Emilio Abrogena to comment on the said Manifestation. However, the copy of the resolution of the Court addressed to Atty. Abrogena was returned unclaimed after three notices, 9 with the postmaster's remark "moved." In view of this development, the Court considered the resolution as served.
Issue:
Whether or not petitioner’s counsel violates his duties to the court?
Ruling:
Yes. Atty. Abrogena failed, to inform the trial court of the death of petitioner, a duty mandated by Section 16, Rule 3 of the Revised Rules of Court.
A lawyer is, first and foremost, an officer of the court. His duties to the court are more significant than those which he owes to his client. His first duty is not to his client but to the administration of justice; to that end, his client's success is wholly subordinate; and his conduct ought to and must always be scrupulously observant of the law and ethics of the profession. Reprimanded

Occena v Marquez
G.R. No. L-27396. September 30, 1974
Antonio J.

The gross value of the estate of the late Ogan is more than P2 million. Petitioners, Atty. Jesus and Samuel Occeña, are the lawyers for the estate executrix, Mrs Occeña, defending the estate against claims and protecting the interests of the estate. In order to expedite the settlement of their deceased father's estate, the seven instituted heirs decided to enter into compromise with the claimants, as a result of which the total amount of P220,000.00 in cash was awarded to the claimants, including co-executor Atty. Binamira, his lawyers and his wife who is one of the heirs.

Issue:   Whether Atty. Binamira made false statements in order to favor the share of his wife.

Held:
Yes. Atty. Binamira Claimed to have duly executed mortgage which in reality is only a proposed mortgage not signed by parties. Record showed only a certain P50,000 loan and not P100,000 as he claimed against the petitioners. Stated that SAMUEL OCCENA became president of Bohol Land Transport after making the P100,000 load. Corporate secretary of Bohol Land said otherwise. Stated a certain income distributed to heirs when no income existed. Said that executrix failed to state assets which are actually gifts or furniture payments to the executrix personally.  Mentioned that petitioners and executrix did not pay him when there was a receipt signed. Guilty of Contempt

Chavez v Viola
A.C. No. 2152. April 19, 1991

FACTS
In 1966, The petition of Atty. Viola to seek Alvendia et al, against Chavez, be declared as bona fide lessees in a land controversy was dismissed because of nonappearance by the Alvendias.
In 1977, Atty. Viola assisted same clients in applying for an original registration of title over the same land in controversy in 1966. He insisted that his clients were the true owners of said land because they acquired it by sale from Vistan way back in 1929. Chavez alleged that Viola prepared conflicting claims in behalf of his clients.
ISSUE: Whether or not Atty. Viola is in violation of the Lawyer’s Oath.
HELD: Yes. A lawyer owes honesty and candor to the courts. Courts are entitled to expect only complete candor and honesty from the lawyers appearing and pleading before them. Five (5) months suspension.

Chang Kian v Angsin
G.R. No. L-28131. February 28, 1972
Teehankee, J.


Facts:

Plaintiff Kian filed a civil complaint against defendant. On the other hand, defendant filed a criminal complaint against plaintiff.. Thereafter, the trial court dismissed the civil case on the ground that, under the rules, after a criminal action has been commenced, no civil action arising from the same offense can be prosecuted. The Supreme Court ruled the it is moot and academic and the counsels failed to inform about the termination of the criminal case long before the petition reached the SC
Issue:

Whether or not the lawyers violated their duties to the court when they failed to notify the court about the finality of the criminal case?

Ruling:
Yes.
The Court notes with regret that had the counsels, as officers of the courts, but faithfully complied with their duty to deal with the courts in truth and candor, and promptly manifested to the appellate court the above developments, all which have made the principal issue at bar moot and academic, this case would then have been disposed of and need not have been certified to this Court, and the time needed by it to devote to the prompt disposition of meritorious cases need not have been thus dissipated



Casals v Cusi
G.R. No. L-35766. July 12, 1973
Teehankee, J.

Facts:

Upon the filing of the petition at bar for certiorari and prohibition with prayer for writ of preliminary injunction, the Court as per its resolution resolved, without giving due course to the petition, to require respondents to comment thereon within ten days from notice and to issue a temporary restraining order restraining respondent court inter alia from proceeding with the hearing of the case  pending before it below.

Despite notice and order of the court, Atty. Delante, as counsel for respondents, had repeatedly failed to file the required comment, specifically, he failed three (3) times to file it.

Issue:

Whether or not Atty. Delante violated his duties to the court?

Ruling:
Yes. A lawyer must do his best to honor his oath, as there would be a great detriment to, if not a failure of the administration of justice if courts could not rely on the submissions and representations made by lawyers in the conduct of a case. Three (3) months suspension.




Comelec v Noynay
G.R. No. 132365. July 9, 1998
Davide, Jr., J.

Facts

In a motion for reconsideration, petitioner’s counsel Atty. Balbune incorrectly cited a decision of the Supreme Court: “x x x whether the Regional Trial Court has exclusive jurisdiction over election offenses is already a settled issue in the case of Alberto Naldeza -vs- Judge Juan Lavilles, x x x”

Also, in this petition, Atty. Balbuena states:

“x x x in the case of "Alberto -vs- Judge Juan Lavilles, Jr.," 245 SCRA 286 x x x”

Issue:

Whether  incorrect citing of  a decision of the Supreme Court violates the duties to the court?

Ruling:

Yes. If Atty. Balbuena was diligent enough, he would have known that the correct name of the complainant in the case referred to is neither Alberto Naldeza nor Alberto alone, but ALBERTO NALDOZA. Moreover, the case was not reported in volume 245 but in volume 254 of the SCRA.

Worse, Atty. Balbuena deliberately made it appear that the quoted portions were findings of the SC when it is just a part of the memorandum of the Court Administrator quoted in the decision.

Rule 10.02 of Canon 10 of the Code of Professional Responsibility 14 mandates that a lawyer shall not knowingly misquote or misrepresent the text of a decision or authority.

Surigao Mineral Reservation Board v Cloribel
G.R. No. L-27072. January 9, 1970
Sanchez, J.

FACTS
Scattered in Atty. Santiago’s motion were other statements where he attacked the 1968 decision of the Supreme Court, which is unfavorable to his client, as false, erroneous, and illegal.
Atty. Santiago sought the inhibition of two Justices: Justice Castro, because allegedly, he is the brother of the vice president of the opposing party. And Chief Justice Concepcion because immediately after the 1968 decision, his son was appointed to a significant position in the government, implying that their decision was unfair and influenced.

ISSUE: Whether or not Atty. Santiago is guilty of contempt.
HELD: Yes. A lawyer is an officer of the courts; he is, like the court itself, an instrument or agency to advance the ends of justice. His duty is to uphold the dignity and authority of the courts to which he owes fidelity, not to promote distrust in the administration of justice. Fine only.

De Gracia v Warden of Makati
G.R. No. L-42032. January 9, 1976
Fernando, J.

Facts:

De Gracia was charged for frustrated homicide, which later amended to a lesser offense of serious physical injuries. To this charge, petitioner pleaded guilty. After serving his sentence he was not released on the ground the prosecutor opposed it because the victim already died, making him liable to homicide. Writ of Habeas Corpus was petitioned.

On the date of the hearing, petitioner and his counsel failed to appear, but left a manifestation that petitioner was already released, and consequently, the petition is now moot and academic.

Issue:

Whether or not petitioner’s counsel violated his duties to the court?

Ruling:

Yes. It would appear, therefore, that with the release of petitioner, the matter had indeed become moot and academic. That disposes of this petition, except for one final note. There was a lapse in judicial propriety by counsel Salvador N. Beltran who did not even take the trouble of appearing in Court on the very day his own petition was reset  for hearing, a lapse explicable, it may be assumed, by his comparative inexperience and paucity of practice before this Tribunal. It suffices to call his attention to such failing by way of guidance for his future actuations as a member of the bar.

Buenaseda v Flavier
G.R. No. 106719. September 21, 1993
Quiason, J.
           
FACTS:

The NCMH Nurses Association (NCMH) filed a case of graft and corruption against Dr. Buenaseda and other officials of DOH. DOH Secretary Flavier carried out the suspension order of the Ombudsman

Allegedly, the lawyers of Buenaseda et al advised them not to obey the suspension order, which is a lawful order from a duly constituted authority. NCMH maintains that such advice from the lawyers constitute a violation against the Code of Professional Responsibility.

ISSUES: Whether or not the Ombudsman has the power to suspend government officials.
Whether or not a Motion for Disbarment may be filed in a special civil action.

HELD: Yes, the Ombudsman may impose preventive suspension and recommend punitive suspension orders.
No.
It cannot be filed in this  special civil action. However, The language of a lawyer, both oral or written, must be respectful and restrained in keeping with the dignity of the legal profession and with his behavioral attitude toward his brethren in the profession. Besides, the use of impassioned language in pleadings, more often than not, creates more heat than light.


Santos v Cruz
A.M. No. 491-MJ. October 30, 1980
Fernandez, J.

Facts:

Santos charged Municipal Judg. Cruz with partiality and conduct unbecoming a judge for having intervened with and/or prevented the complainant in filing cases.The complaint was referred to Municipal Judge Cruz for immediate comment. The transcript shows that during the formal investigation conducted by the respondent judge, while cross-examining the witness, Cano, respondent lost his temper and said: "You can go to hell I don't care or where do you want to go Mr. Cano".

Issue:

Whether or not respondent judge violated the code of professional responsibility?

Ruling:

Yes. Although there’s no partiality, the Judge was found guilty of conduct unbecoming a judge by uttering intemperate language during the trial of the case and was imposed a penalty of  fine equivalent to one (1) month salary
People v Taneo
G.R. No. 117683. January 16, 1998
Per Curiam

Facts:

Teofilo Taneo was convicted of the crime of rape and to suffer "the penalty of death" and "to indemnify the offended woman, Mencina Taneo, as a deterrent to other fathers from sexually molesting their own daughters;  On automatic review, appellant assigns as errors that

THE TRIAL COURT GRAVELY ERRED IN GIVING FULL CREDENCE TO THE TESTIMONY OF THE PROSECUTION WITNESS MENCINA TANEO WHICH IS HIGHLY INCREDIBLE AND CONTRADICTORY.


And that they GRAVELY ERRED IN NOT APPRECIATING IN EVIDENCE THE MEDICAL FINDINGS OF DRA. [] MACACHOR AS CONDUCTED ON THE PERSON OF THE PRIVATE COMPLAINANT MENCINA TANEO AND IN INCORRECTLY ADOPTING ITS OWN BIASED INTERPRETATION OF THE PHYSICAL EVIDENCE ON RECORD WHICH CLEARLY IS BEYOND ITS ADJUDICATIVE POWER TO DO SO.

Issue:

Whether or not counsel of appellant violates his duties to the court?

Ruling:

Yes. It is unfortunate that counsel for appellant has made a hasty accusation against the trial court for the above pronouncement as "taking a partial and biased position" and having adopted "its own biased interpretation of  the  physical evidence."  No any cogent and valid ground in the case could justify such a grave imputation upon a member of the bench who merely performed his function.
 Counsel should be reminded of his duty to observe and maintain respect due the courts of justice and judicial officers. Arguments, written or oral, should be gracious to both the court and opposing counsel and be of such words as may be properly addressed by one gentleman to another.

Urbina v maceren
A.C. No. 288-J. June 19, 1974
Teehankee, J.

FACTS

Atty. Urbina and  Atty. Gesmundo lost a case in the sala of Judge Maceren. The two lawyers then filed a criminal case against Maceren for knowingly rendering an unjust judgment. Prior to dismissal by the fiscal, Urbina received a phone call from another lawyer who threatened him that if he shall not withdraw the criminal case, he will be killed; that said threat was made by Judge Maceren through Atty. Esguerra.
Judge Maceren stated that he issued the judgment in good faith and that he made no threats against Urbina considering that if Urbina did withdraw, there is still Atty. Gesmundo who can continue the complaint.

ISSUE: Whether or not Urbina’s suit should prosper.

HELD: No. Ths Supreme Court gave credence to Maceren’s statement as opposed to Urbina’s bare allegations which were not supported by evidence.

The Supreme Court also condemned Urbina’s use of disrespectful language. A lawyer owes fidelity to the courts as well as to his clients and that the filing on behalf of disgruntled litigants of unfounded or frivolous charges against inferior court judges and the use of offensive and intemperate language as a means of harassing judges unduly burdens the courts.



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